Deploy PHP App: LAMP and LEMP Stack Guide

# Update package list
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

# Install Nginx
sudo apt install nginx -y

# Start and enable service
sudo systemctl start nginx
sudo systemctl enable nginx

# Install MariaDB (MySQL alternative, faster)
sudo apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client -y

# Start service
sudo systemctl start mariadb
sudo systemctl enable mariadb

# Security configuration
sudo mysql_secure_installation

# Create database and user
sudo mysql -u root -p

CREATE DATABASE myapp_db CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
CREATE USER 'myapp_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'strong-password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON myapp_db.* TO 'myapp_user'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;

# Add PHP repository (for Ubuntu)
sudo apt install software-properties-common -y
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php -y
sudo apt update

# Install PHP 8.2 and common extensions
sudo apt install php8.2 php8.2-fpm php8.2-mysql php8.2-xml php8.2-curl \
  php8.2-mbstring php8.2-zip php8.2-gd php8.2-bcmath php8.2-intl \
  php8.2-redis php8.2-imagick -y

# Start PHP-FPM service
sudo systemctl start php8.2-fpm
sudo systemctl enable php8.2-fpm

# Check PHP version
php --version

# Edit PHP.ini
sudo nano /etc/php/8.2/fpm/php.ini

; Memory limit
memory_limit = 256M

; Maximum upload size
upload_max_filesize = 64M
post_max_size = 64M

; Maximum execution time
max_execution_time = 300

; Error display (should be off in production)
display_errors = Off
log_errors = On
error_log = /var/log/php/error.log

; OPcache (for performance)
opcache.enable = 1
opcache.memory_consumption = 128
opcache.max_accelerated_files = 10000
opcache.revalidate_freq = 2

# Restart PHP-FPM
sudo systemctl restart php8.2-fpm

# Create application directory
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/myapp/public
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/myapp

# Virtual host configuration
sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/myapp

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com www.example.com;
    root /var/www/myapp/public;
    index index.php index.html;

    # URL rewriting for Laravel/Symfony
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
    }

    # Process PHP files with PHP-FPM
    location ~ \.php$ {
        include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.2-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }

    # Block access to hidden files
    location ~ /\.(?!well-known).* {
        deny all;
    }

    # Cache for static files
    location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|ico|css|js|woff|woff2)$ {
        expires 30d;
        add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
    }

    client_max_body_size 64M;
}

# Enable the site
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/myapp /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
sudo nginx -t
sudo systemctl reload nginx

# Install multiple PHP versions
sudo apt install php7.4 php7.4-fpm php8.1 php8.1-fpm php8.2 php8.2-fpm -y

# Change default PHP version for CLI
sudo update-alternatives --config php

# Use different PHP version for different sites in Nginx
# Replace php8.2-fpm.sock with php7.4-fpm.sock

# Clone the repo
cd /var/www
git clone https://github.com/user/myapp.git
cd myapp

# Install Composer dependencies
composer install --no-dev --optimize-autoloader

# Create .env file
cp .env.example .env
nano .env

# Generate application key
php artisan key:generate

# Database migration
php artisan migrate --force

# Generate caches
php artisan config:cache
php artisan route:cache
php artisan view:cache

# Set file permissions
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/myapp
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/myapp
sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www/myapp/storage
sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www/myapp/bootstrap/cache

# Install Certbot
sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx -y

# Obtain SSL certificate
sudo certbot --nginx -d example.com -d www.example.com

# Test automatic renewal
sudo certbot renew --dry-run